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WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS 2011
WHO, 2011, 171 pages
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http://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/EN_WHS2011_Full.pdf
В серии ежегодных изданий "Мировая статистика здравоохранения"
приводится подборка данных, связанных со здравоохранением по 193
государств-членов, а также кратко характеризуется прогресс в достижении
связанных со здравоохранением Целей развития тысячелетия (ЦРТ) и
решении соответствующих задач.
Как и в предыдущих выпусках, содержащиеся в издании
"Мировая статистика здравоохранения, 2011 год" данные
взяты из публикаций и баз данных, подготовленных и обслуживаемых
техническими программами и региональными бюро ВОЗ. Показатели отбирались
с учетом их значимости для глобального здравоохранения, наличия
и качества данных, а также достоверности и сопоставимости сделанных
на их основе оценок.
В совокупности этот набор показателей всесторонне характеризует
нынешнее состояние здоровья населения и систем здравоохранения в
девяти областях (смертность и бремя болезней; смертность и заболеваемость
от конкретных причин; отдельные инфекционные заболевания; охват
услугами здравоохранения; факторы риска; трудовые ресурсы здравоохранения,
инфраструктура и основные лекарственные средства; расходы на здравоохранение;
неравенство в отношении здоровья; и демографическая и социоэкономическая
статистика).
Приводимые в данном издании оценки получены из различных
источников с учетом особенностей каждого показателя и наличия и
качества данных. Во многих странах системы статистической и медико-санитарной
информации развиты слабо, а исходные эмпирические данные могут отсутствовать
или их качество может быть низким. Были приложены все усилия в целях
оптимального использования представляемых странами данных, которые
при необходимости корректировались для восполнения отсутствующих
значений, исправления известных систематических ошибок и обеспечения
максимальной сопоставимости статистических данных между странами
и в динамике по времени. Кроме того, для восполнения отсутствующих
данных использовались статистические методы и моделирование.
Пользователям необходимо знать, что, несмотря на все
усилия, предпринятые в целях обеспечения максимальной сопоставимости
статистических данных между странами и в динамике по времени, данные
по странам могут различаться с точки зрения используемых определений,
методов сбора данных, охвата населения и методик оценки.
Table of Contents
Abbreviations
Introduction
Part I. Health-related Millennium Development Goals
Summary of status and trends
Regional and country charts
1. Children aged <5 years underweight (%)
2. Under-five mortality rate (probability of dying by age 5 per
1000 live births)
3. Measles immunization coverage among 1-year-olds (%)
4. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)
5. Births attended by skilled health personnel (%)
6. Contraceptive prevalence (%)
7. Adolescent fertility rate (per 1000 girls aged 15-19 years)
8. Antenatal care coverage (%): at least 1 visit and at least 4
visits
9. Unmet need for family planning (%)
10. Prevalence of HIV among adults aged 15-49 years (%)
11. Males aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge
of HIV/AIDS (%)
12. Females aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge
of HIV/AIDS (%)
13. Antiretroviral therapy coverage among people with advanced HIV
infection (%)
14. Malaria mortality rate (per 100 000 population)
15. Children aged <5 years sleeping under insecticide-treated
nets (%)
16. Children aged <5 years with fever who received treatment
with any antimalarial (%)
17. Tuberculosis mortality rate among HIV-negative people (per 100
000 population)
18. Population using improved drinking-water sources (%)
19. Population using improved sanitation (%)
Part II. Global health indicators
Table 1 Life expectancy and mortality
Life expectancy at birth (years)
Stillbirth rate (per 1000 total births)
Neonatal mortality rate (per 1000 live births)
Infant mortality rate (probability of dying by age 1 per 1000 live
births)
Under-five mortality rate (probability of dying by age 5 per 1000
live births)
Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years
per 1000 population)
Table 2 Cause-specific mortality and morbidity
Mortality
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births)
Cause-specific mortality rate (per 100 000 population)
Age-standardized mortality rates by cause (per 100 000 population)
Distribution of years of life lost by broader causes (%)
Distribution of causes of death among children aged <5 years
(%)
Morbidity
Prevalence of tuberculosis (per 100 000 population)
Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100 000 population per year)
Prevalence of HIV among adults aged 15-49 years (%)
Table 3 Selected infectious diseases
Cholera
Diphtheria
H5N1 influenza
Japanese encephalitis
Leprosy
Malaria
Measles
Meningitis
Mumps
Pertussis
Plague
Poliomyelitis
Congenital rubella syndrome
Rubella
Neonatal tetanus
Total tetanus
Tuberculosis
Yellow fever
Table 4 Health service coverage
Antenatal care coverage (%)
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%)
Births by caesarean section (%)
Neonates protected at birth against neonatal tetanus (%)
Immunization coverage among 1-year-olds (%)
Children aged 6-59 months who received vitamin A supplementation
(%)
Children aged <5 years sleeping under insecticide-treated nets
(%)
Children aged <5 years with fever who received treatment with
any antimalarial (%)
Children aged <5 years with ARI symptoms taken to a health facility
(%)
Children aged <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (ORS and/or
RHF) (%)
Unmet need for family planning (%)
Contraceptive prevalence (%)
Antiretroviral therapy coverage among HIV-infected pregnant women
for PMTCT (%)
Antiretroviral therapy coverage among people with advanced HIV infection
(%)
Case-detection rate for all forms of tuberculosis (%)
Smear-positive tuberculosis treatment-success rate (%)
Table 5 Risk factors
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%)
Population using improved sanitation (%)
Population using solid fuels (%)
Low-birth-weight newborns (%)
Infants exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life (%)
Children aged <5 years stunted (%)
Children aged <5 years underweight (%)
Children aged <5 years overweight (%)
Adults aged ?20 years who are obese (%)
Alcohol consumption among adults aged ?15 years (litres of pure
alcohol per person per year)
Prevalence of smoking any tobacco product among adults aged ?15
years (%)
Prevalence of current tobacco use among adolescents aged 13-15 years
(%)
Prevalence of condom use by adults aged 15-49 years during higher-risk
sex (%)
Population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge
of HIV/AIDS (%)
Table 6 Health workforce, infrastructure and essential medicines
Health workforce
Number of physicians and density (per 10 000 population)
Number of nursing and midwifery personnel and density (per 10 000
population)
Number of dentistry personnel and density (per 10 000 population)
Number of pharmaceutical personnel and density (per 10 000 population)
Number of environment and public health workers and density (per
10 000 population)
Number of community health workers and density (per 10 000 population)
Infrastructure
Hospital beds (per 10 000 population)
Radiotherapy units (per 1 000 000 population)
Essential medicines
Median availability of selected generic medicines in public and
private sectors (%)
Median consumer price ratio of selected generic medicines in public
and private sectors
Table 7 Health expenditure
Health expenditure ratios
Total expenditure on health as a percentage of gross domestic product
General government expenditure on health as a percentage of total
expenditure on health
Private expenditure on health as a percentage of total expenditure
on health
General government expenditure on health as a percentage of total
government expenditure
External resources for health as a percentage of total expenditure
on health
Social security expenditure on health as a percentage of general
government expenditure on health
Out-of-pocket expenditure as a percentage of private expenditure
on health
Private prepaid plans as a percentage of private expenditure on
health
Per capita health expenditures
Per capita total expenditure on health at average exchange rate
(US$)
Per capita total expenditure on health (PPP int. $)
Per capita government expenditure on health at average exchange
rate (US$)
Per capita government expenditure on health (PPP int. $)
Table 8 Health inequities
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%)
Measles immunization coverage among 1-year-olds (%)
Under-five mortality rate (probability of dying by age 5 per 1000
live births)
Table 9 Demographic and socioeconomic statistics
Population - total (000s)
Population - median age (years)
Population - aged under 15 (%)
Population - aged over 60 (%)
Annual population growth rate (%)
Population living in urban areas (%)
Civil registration coverage (%) of births and causes of death
Total fertility rate (per woman)
Adolescent fertility rate (per 1000 girls aged 15-19 years)
Adult literacy rate (%)
Net primary school enrolment rate (%)
Gross national income per capita (PPP int. $)
Population living on <$1 (PPP int. $) a day (%)
Footnotes
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